{"id":821,"date":"2024-06-22T13:07:58","date_gmt":"2024-06-22T13:07:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/?p=821"},"modified":"2024-07-10T06:53:18","modified_gmt":"2024-07-10T06:53:18","slug":"upsc-chemistry-syllabus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Chemistry Syllabus"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#UPSC_Chemistry_Syllabus_Overview\" >UPSC Chemistry Syllabus Overview<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#UPSC_Chemistry_Syllabus\" >UPSC Chemistry Syllabus<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#UPSC_Chemistry_Syllabus_for_Paper_1\" >UPSC Chemistry Syllabus for Paper 1<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Atomic_Structure\" >Atomic Structure<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Chemical_bonding\" >Chemical bonding<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Solid_State\" >Solid State<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Gaseous_State_and_Transport_Phenomenon\" >Gaseous State and Transport Phenomenon<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Liquid_State\" >Liquid State<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Thermodynamics\" >Thermodynamics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Phase_Equilibria_and_Solutions\" >Phase Equilibria and Solutions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Electrochemistry\" >Electrochemistry<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Chemical_Kinetics\" >Chemical Kinetics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Bioinorganic_Chemistry\" >Bioinorganic Chemistry<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Coordination_Chemistry\" >Coordination Chemistry<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Main_Group_Chemistry\" >Main Group Chemistry<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#UPSC_Chemistry_Syllabus_for_Paper_2\" >UPSC Chemistry Syllabus for Paper 2<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Delocalized_Covalent_Bonding\" >Delocalized Covalent Bonding<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Reaction_mechanisms\" >Reaction mechanisms<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Reactive_intermediates\" >Reactive intermediates<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Reactions_and_Rearrangement\" >Reactions and Rearrangement<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Preparation_and_Properties_of_Polymers\" >Preparation and Properties of Polymers<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Photochemistry\" >Photochemistry<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#UPSC_Chemistry_Exam_Pattern_2024\" >UPSC Chemistry Exam Pattern 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#Steps_to_Prepare_for_UPSC_Chemistry_Syllabus\" >Steps to Prepare for UPSC Chemistry Syllabus<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/#UPSC_Chemistry_Syllabus_Important_Books\" >UPSC Chemistry Syllabus Important Books<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><b>UPSC Chemistry Syllabus:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The UPSC Notification officially releases the UPSC Chemistry Optional Syllabus. Applicants who select chemistry as an elective should carefully review the syllabus to ensure they fully understand the subjects they will need to study.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The comprehensive subjects and subtopics from which exam questions are created are outlined in this UPSC Chemistry Syllabus. Given the high level of specialization in the Chemistry Optional UPSC Syllabus, it is advised that only candidates possessing a keen interest and comprehension select Chemistry as their optional subject for the UPSC Mains Exam.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Chemistry_Syllabus_Overview\"><\/span><b>UPSC Chemistry Syllabus Overview<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Below we have provided an overview table for the UPSC Chemistry syllabus. Students can go through the table to get an idea of the basic topics asked in the UPSC examinations.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"specl\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 722px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 74px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 74px;\" colspan=\"2\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b> \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 UPSC Chemistry Syllabus Overview<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 74px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 74px;\"><b>Subject Area<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 74px;\"><b>Topics<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 108px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 108px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Physical Chemistry<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 108px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basic Concepts in Chemistry, Equilibrium, Electrochemistry, Chemical Kinetics, Surface Chemistry<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 108px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 108px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inorganic Chemistry<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 108px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Periodic Table, Coordination Compounds, Main Group Elements, Transition Metals, Lanthanides and Actinides<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 142px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 142px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organic Chemistry<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 142px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basics of Organic Chemistry, Hydrocarbons, Organic Compounds with Functional Groups, Polymers, Biomolecules, Environmental Chemistry<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 108px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 108px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Analytical Chemistry<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 108px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basics of Analytical Methods, Instrumental Methods<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 108px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 108px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Applied Chemistry<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 108px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Principles and Applications of Spectroscopy, Chemicals in Everyday Life<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Chemistry_Syllabus\"><\/span><b>UPSC Chemistry Syllabus<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Atomic structure, chemical bonding, solid state, gaseous state, thermodynamics and statistical thermodynamics, phase equilibria and solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, photochemistry, surface phenomena, and more are all included in the Official UPSC Chemistry Syllabus. Let&#8217;s examine the comprehensive Chemistry Optional UPSC Syllabus for Papers 1 and 2 in the section below.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Chemistry_Syllabus_for_Paper_1\"><\/span><b>UPSC Chemistry Syllabus for Paper 1<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Below is the detailed Chemistry Syllabus for UPSC Paper 1. Students are advised to go through the syllabus carefully &#8211;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Atomic_Structure\"><\/span><b>Atomic Structure<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The uncertainty principle of Heisenberg Time-independent Schrodinger wave equation; wave function interpretation; one-dimensional particle in a box; quantum numbers; wave functions of hydrogen atoms; orbitals&#8217; shapes in s, p, and d.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chemical_bonding\"><\/span><b>Chemical bonding<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ionic bonds, ionic compound properties, lattice energy, and the Born-Haber cycle; covalent bonds and their general properties; molecular bond polarities and their dipole moments; theory of valence bonds, resonance, and resonance energy concepts; bonding H2 +, H2 He2 to Ne2, NO, CO, HF, CN\u2013, and molecular orbital theory (LCAO technique) Bond order, bond strength, bond length, and valence bond and molecular orbital theories are compared.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Solid_State\"><\/span><b>Solid State<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">crystal systems; unit cell, lattice structure, and crystal face designations; Bragg&#8217;s Law crystal diffraction of X-rays; close packing, the computation of some limiting radius ratio values, and radius ratio criteria; structures of ZnS, CsCl, CaF2, and NaCl; semiconductors, impurity defects, and stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric defects.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gaseous_State_and_Transport_Phenomenon\"><\/span><b>Gaseous State and Transport Phenomenon<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maxwell&#8217;s distribution of speeds, intermolecular collisions, collisions on the wall, and effusion; equation of state for actual gases, intermolecular interactions, critical phenomena, and liquefaction of gases; The ideal gases&#8217; viscosity and thermal conductivity.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Liquid_State\"><\/span><b>Liquid State<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kelvin equation: Surface tension and surface energy, wetting and contact angle, interfacial tension and capillary action.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thermodynamics\"><\/span><b>Thermodynamics<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The second law of thermodynamics; free energy functions; entropy as a state function; entropy changes in different processes; entropy-reversibility and irreversibility; Thermodynamic state equation Maxwell connections; dependence of U, H, A, G, Cp, and Cv on temperature, volume, and pressure; J-T effect and inversion temperature; equilibrium criteria; relationship between thermodynamic quantities and equilibrium constant; An overview of the third law of thermodynamics is provided by the Nernst heat theorem.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phase_Equilibria_and_Solutions\"><\/span><b>Phase Equilibria and Solutions<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clausius-Clapeyron equation; pure substance phase diagram; binary system phase equilibria; partially miscible liquids\u2014upper and lower critical solution temperatures; partial molar quantities, their identification, and importance; excess thermodynamic functions and their interpretation.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Electrochemistry\"><\/span><b>Electrochemistry<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Debye-Huckel limiting law and theory of strong electrolytes for different equilibrium and transport parameters.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Electrochemical series, fuel cells, batteries, galvanic cells, concentration cells, and cell e.m.f. measurement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Amperometry, ion-selective electrodes and their applications, double layer at the interface, rate of charge transfer, current density, and overpotential are examples of electroanalytical processes.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chemical_Kinetics\"><\/span><b>Chemical Kinetics<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rate equations for fractional, first, second, and zeroth order reactions that are both integral and differential; rate equations for chain, sequential, parallel, and reverse reactions; Branching chain and explosions; effect of temperature and pressure on rate constant. Investigation of quick reactions using relaxation and stop-flow techniques. Transition state theories and collisions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bioinorganic_Chemistry\"><\/span><b>Bioinorganic Chemistry<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The function of metal ions in biological systems, including their role in cytochromes, ferredoxins, oxygen-uptake proteins, and ion transport across membranes (molecular mechanism).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Coordination_Chemistry\"><\/span><b>Coordination Chemistry<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bonding during a metal complex&#8217;s transition. Electronic spectra of metal complexes, valence bond theory, and crystal field theory and their adaptations are examples of theories used to explain magnetism.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coordination compound stereochemistry, IUPAC nomenclature, chelate effect and polynuclear complexes, trans effect, and its theories, kinetics of substitution reactions in square-planar complexes, and thermodynamic and kinetic stability of complexes are among the topics covered.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Main_Group_Chemistry\"><\/span><b>Main Group Chemistry<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Boranes, borazines, phosphazenes and cyclic phosphazene, silicates, and silicones, Interhalogen compounds; Sulphur\u2014sulfur-nitrogen compounds, and noble gas compounds.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Chemistry_Syllabus_for_Paper_2\"><\/span><b>UPSC Chemistry Syllabus for Paper 2<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Below is the detailed Chemistry Syllabus for UPSC Paper 2.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Delocalized_Covalent_Bonding\"><\/span><b>Delocalized Covalent Bonding<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aromaticity, anti-aromaticity; annulenes, azulenes, tropolones, fulvenes, and sydnones.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reaction_mechanisms\"><\/span><b>Reaction mechanisms<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Isometropies, method cross-over experiments, intermediate trapping, stereochemistry, energy of activation, thermodynamic control, and kinetic control of reactions are general approaches (both kinetic and non-kinetic) to studying mechanisms or organic reactions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reactive_intermediates\"><\/span><b>Reactive intermediates<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Generation, geometry, stability, and reactions of carbonium ions and carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, benzynes, and nitrenes.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reactions_and_Rearrangement\"><\/span><b>Reactions and Rearrangement<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wagner\u2014Meerwein rearrangements; Hoffmann, Beckmann, Baeyer-Villiger, Favorskii, Fries, Claisen, Cope, Stevens, and Pinacol-pinacolone.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aldol, benzoin, and acyloin condensations; Fischer indole synthesis, Skraup synthesis, Bischler-Napieralski, Sandmeyer, Reimer-Tiemann, and Reformatsky reactions; Aldol condensation, Claisen condensation, Dieckmann, Perkin, Knoevenagel, Witting, Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner, Cannizzaro, and von Richter reactions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Preparation_and_Properties_of_Polymers\"><\/span><b>Preparation and Properties of Polymers<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, Teflon, nylon, terylene, and both synthetic and natural rubber are examples of organic polymers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Biopolymers are made up of DNA, RNA, and proteins.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Photochemistry\"><\/span><b>Photochemistry<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Photochemical reactions of simple organic compounds, excited and ground states, singlet and triplet states, Norrish-Type I and Type II reactions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Chemistry_Exam_Pattern_2024\"><\/span><b>UPSC Chemistry Exam Pattern 2024<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Two optional papers are included in the total of nine papers that make up the UPSC Mains Exam. Applicants who select Chemistry as an elective must show up for the 250-mark Optional Papers 1 and 2. For further information, see the UPSC Chemistry Optional Exam Pattern below.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"specl\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 UPSC Chemistry Exam Pattern 2024<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Mains Papers<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Subject<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Marks<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Paper VI<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UPSC Chemistry Optional Paper-I<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">250<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Paper VII<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UPSC Chemistry Optional Paper-II<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">250<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Total\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">500<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time duration\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3 hours (180 minutes)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Steps_to_Prepare_for_UPSC_Chemistry_Syllabus\"><\/span><b>Steps to Prepare for UPSC Chemistry Syllabus<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Candidates who plan to take the exam should begin preparing as soon as possible because they need to finish the revision in addition to covering the entire UPSC Chemistry optional syllabus. Making a successful study schedule will assist them in doing the same. Here are some helpful hints to assist cover the UPSC Chemistry Optional Syllabus to get a good UPSC result: &#8211;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Understanding the paper&#8217;s syllabus should be the first step in any preparation. For preparation, candidates can review the whole UPSC Chemistry Syllabus. As physical and inorganic chemistry make up the majority of the topics, candidates are encouraged to thoroughly prepare them beforehand.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fundamentals of the subjects must be covered by applicants before going deeper into the subject matter. To learn the fundamentals, candidates might study the NCERT textbooks for classes 11 and 12.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To help retain the information, mnemonics, data charts, and diagrams might be used. Candidates can benefit from using mnemonic devices to help them recall the periodic table.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the inorganic section, there will be numerical problems that candidates must be able to solve using all of their newly acquired knowledge. They will learn which principle is applied whereby answering as many questions as they can, which will help them solve the numerical accurately.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Chemistry_Syllabus_Important_Books\"><\/span><b>UPSC Chemistry Syllabus Important Books<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The following list of books can be used by candidates to help them prepare for the UPSC Chemistry Syllabus:<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"specl\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b> \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 UPSC Chemistry Syllabus Important Books<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Subject<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Books<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Author\/ Publication<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"5\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chemistry<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Principles of Physical Chemistry<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Puri, Sharma &amp; Pathwa<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chemical Periodicity, Chemical bonding, Coordination compound<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maden, Malik and Tuli<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Advanced Inorganic Chemistry<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">J.D. Lee<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bonding and shape of organic molecules, Stereochemistry of carbon compound \u2013 Reactions and reagents<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O.P. Agarwal<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Text-Book of Organic Chemistry<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bahl &amp; Bahl<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Read Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\">5<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span> UPSC Chemistry Syllabus: The UPSC Notification officially releases the UPSC Chemistry Optional Syllabus. Applicants who select chemistry as an elective should carefully review the syllabus to ensure they fully understand the subjects they will need to study.\u00a0 The comprehensive subjects and subtopics from which exam questions are created are outlined in this UPSC Chemistry Syllabus.&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-chemistry-syllabus\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">UPSC Chemistry Syllabus<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":130,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[59],"tags":[41],"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/821"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=821"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/821\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1496,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/821\/revisions\/1496"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/130"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=821"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=821"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=821"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}