{"id":2378,"date":"2024-11-14T10:00:40","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T10:00:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/?p=2378"},"modified":"2024-11-30T06:16:12","modified_gmt":"2024-11-30T06:16:12","slug":"upsc-prelims-syllabus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Prelims Syllabus"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Union_Public_Service_Commission_Prelims_Exam_2025\" >Union Public Service Commission Prelims Exam 2025<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Introduction\" >Introduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#UPSC_Prelims_Exam_Syllabus_2025\" >UPSC Prelims Exam Syllabus 2025<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#UPSC_Prelims_Syllabus_2025_Overview\" >UPSC Prelims Syllabus 2025 Overview<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#UPSC_Prelims_Exam_Schedule\" >UPSC Prelims Exam Schedule<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#UPSC_CSE_2025_General_Studies_Paper_1_Syllabus\" >UPSC CSE 2025 General Studies Paper 1 Syllabus<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#UPSC_Prelims_Syllabus_2025\" >UPSC Prelims Syllabus 2025<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Geography\" >Geography<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#General_Geography\" >General Geography<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Geomorphology\" >Geomorphology<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Oceanography\" >Oceanography<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Climatology\" >Climatology<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Bio_Geography\" >Bio Geography<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Human_and_Economic_Geography\" >Human and Economic Geography<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Indian_Geography\" >Indian Geography<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#World_Regional_Geography\" >World Regional Geography<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Ecology_Environment\" >Ecology &amp; Environment<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Ecology\" >Ecology<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Biodiversity\" >Biodiversity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Resource_Degradation_and_Management\" >Resource Degradation and Management<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#History\" >History<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Ancient_History\" >Ancient History<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Medieval_History\" >Medieval History<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Modern_History\" >Modern History<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Art_Culture\" >Art &amp; Culture<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Polity\" >Polity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Economy\" >Economy<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Basic_Concepts\" >Basic Concepts<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Economic_Measurements\" >Economic Measurements<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Money_Banking\" >Money &amp; Banking<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Public_Finance_in_India\" >Public Finance in India<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Planning\" >Planning<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Open_Economy\" >Open Economy<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Economic_Sectors\" >Economic Sectors<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#General_Science\" >General Science<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#UPSC_CSAT_Syllabus_2025\" >UPSC CSAT Syllabus 2025<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#UPSC_Prelims_Exam_Pattern_2025\" >UPSC Prelims Exam Pattern 2025<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#UPSC_Prelims_Exam_Pattern_2025_Overview\" >UPSC Prelims Exam Pattern 2025 Overview<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Books_For_UPSC_Prelims_Exam\" >Books For UPSC Prelims Exam<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#How_to_Prepare_for_the_UPSC_Prelims_Exam\" >How to Prepare for the UPSC Prelims Exam?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/#Preparation_Tips\" >Preparation Tips<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Union_Public_Service_Commission_Prelims_Exam_2025\"><\/span><strong>Union Public Service Commission Prelims Exam 2025<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span><strong>Introduction<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The Union Public Service Commission Prelims Exam will take place on 25th May 2025 as per the new revised official calendar released by the UPSC. This examination marks the initial phase of the UPSC Civil Services Examination, aimed at selecting candidates for esteemed positions like the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Police Service (IPS), and other central services.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Prelims_Exam_Syllabus_2025\"><\/span><strong>UPSC Prelims Exam Syllabus 2025<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The UPSC Prelims syllabus 2025 covers a wide range of subjects to test candidates\u2019 knowledge and understanding over various topics. The examination consists of two papers: General Studies Paper-I and the Civil Services Aptitude Test (CSAT) Paper-II. To score well, aspirants must focus on key areas such as History, Geography, Art &amp; Culture, Polity, Economy, and General Science, along with comprehension, interpersonal skills, and logical reasoning.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Prelims_Syllabus_2025_Overview\"><\/span><strong>UPSC Prelims Syllabus 2025 Overview<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The UPSC Prelims is one of India\u2019s most recognized and challenging examinations. It marks the first stage of the Civil Services Examination and plays a vital role in selecting candidates for positions in esteemed services like the IAS, IPS, and other central services.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Prelims_Exam_Schedule\"><\/span><strong>UPSC Prelims Exam Schedule<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Event<\/th>\n<th>Date<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>UPSC Notification 2025<\/td>\n<td>22 January 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>UPSC Prelims Exam Registration<\/td>\n<td>11 February 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>UPSC Prelims Admit Card Release Date<\/td>\n<td>To be Released<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>UPSC Prelims Exam Date<\/td>\n<td>25 May 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_CSE_2025_General_Studies_Paper_1_Syllabus\"><\/span><strong>UPSC CSE 2025 General Studies Paper 1 Syllabus<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The first paper in the UPSC Prelims exam consists of General Studies (GS). The UPSC Prelims Syllabus 2025 for General Studies can be categorized into the following sections:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Current Affairs:<\/strong> National and international events of importance.<\/li>\n<li><strong>History of India and Indian National Movement.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Indian and World Geography:<\/strong> Physical, social, and economic geography of India and the World.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Indian Polity and Governance:<\/strong> Constitution, political system, Panchayati Raj, public policy, rights issues, etc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Economic and Social Development:<\/strong> Sustainable development, poverty, inclusion, demographics, social sector initiatives, etc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity and Climate Change:<\/strong> General issues that do not require subject specialization.<\/li>\n<li><strong>General Science:<\/strong> Basic science topics.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aspirants preparing for the UPSC Prelims Exam 2025 must cover all topics within these categories, as each topic holds its significance in the examination.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Prelims_Syllabus_2025\"><\/span><strong>UPSC Prelims Syllabus 2025<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Geography\"><\/span><strong>Geography<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"General_Geography\"><\/span><strong>General Geography<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Universe<\/li>\n<li>Earth Evolution<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Geomorphology\"><\/span><strong>Geomorphology<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Earth\u2019s Interior<\/li>\n<li>Geology and Rock System<\/li>\n<li>Geomorphic Process<\/li>\n<li>Earthquakes and Volcanism<\/li>\n<li>Distribution of Continents and Oceans<\/li>\n<li>Landforms and their evolution<\/li>\n<li>Landforms across the world<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Oceanography\"><\/span><strong>Oceanography<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Hydrosphere<\/li>\n<li>Submarine Relief Features<\/li>\n<li>Temperature and Salinity<\/li>\n<li>Waves, Oceans, Currents, Tides<\/li>\n<li>Marine Resources<\/li>\n<li>Ocean Deposits and Corals<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Climatology\"><\/span><strong>Climatology<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Atmosphere<\/li>\n<li>Inversion of Temperature<\/li>\n<li>Insolation and Heat Budget<\/li>\n<li>Air Mass, Fronts, Cyclones and Jet Streams<\/li>\n<li>Wind and Pressure Belts<\/li>\n<li>Precipitation<\/li>\n<li>Climate Zones of the World<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bio_Geography\"><\/span><strong>Bio Geography<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Soil Characteristics<\/li>\n<li>Vegetation Resources<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Human_and_Economic_Geography\"><\/span><strong>Human and Economic Geography<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Demography and Census<\/li>\n<li>Human Development<\/li>\n<li>Economic Activities<\/li>\n<li>Transport and Communication<\/li>\n<li>International Trade<\/li>\n<li>Settlement<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Indian_Geography\"><\/span><strong>Indian Geography<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Physiography of India<\/li>\n<li>Drainage System<\/li>\n<li>Climate<\/li>\n<li>Soils in India<\/li>\n<li>Natural Vegetation<\/li>\n<li>Population<\/li>\n<li>Settlements and Urbanization<\/li>\n<li>Land Resource<\/li>\n<li>Mineral Resource<\/li>\n<li>Energy Resource<\/li>\n<li>Agriculture and Basic Terminology<\/li>\n<li>Recent Developments in Agriculture<\/li>\n<li>Productivity of Crops<\/li>\n<li>Industry<\/li>\n<li>Transport<\/li>\n<li>Recent Developments in Industry and Transport<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"World_Regional_Geography\"><\/span><strong>World Regional Geography<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Continents, Countries, and Cities<\/li>\n<li>Location in News<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ecology_Environment\"><\/span><strong>Ecology &amp; Environment<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ecology\"><\/span><strong>Ecology<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Origin of Life Forms<\/li>\n<li>Basic Concepts of Ecology<\/li>\n<li>Ecosystem Functions<\/li>\n<li>Population Ecology<\/li>\n<li>Adaptation of Species and Interactions<\/li>\n<li>Terrestrial Ecosystem<\/li>\n<li>Aquatic Ecosystem<\/li>\n<li>Nutrient Cycling<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Biodiversity\"><\/span><strong>Biodiversity<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Basics of Bio-Diversity<\/li>\n<li>Animal and Plant Diversity<\/li>\n<li>Threats to Biodiversity<\/li>\n<li>Biodiversity Conservation<\/li>\n<li>Estuaries<\/li>\n<li>Mangroves<\/li>\n<li>Coral Reliefs<\/li>\n<li>Wetlands<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Resource_Degradation_and_Management\"><\/span><strong>Resource Degradation and Management<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Environmental Pollution<\/li>\n<li>Climate Change<\/li>\n<li>Environmental Governance<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"History\"><\/span><strong>History<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ancient_History\"><\/span><strong>Ancient History<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Pre-Historic Times<\/li>\n<li>Indus Valley Civilization<\/li>\n<li>Rig Vedic Period<\/li>\n<li>Later Vedic Period<\/li>\n<li>Jainism<\/li>\n<li>Buddhism<\/li>\n<li>Mahajanpadas<\/li>\n<li>Mauryan Period<\/li>\n<li>Post-Mauryan Period<\/li>\n<li>Gupta Period<\/li>\n<li>Harshwardhana Period<\/li>\n<li>Sangam Period (South-Indian Dynasties)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Medieval_History\"><\/span><strong>Medieval History<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Major Dynasties of Early Medieval India (Pratiharas, Pallavas, Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas)<\/li>\n<li>Cholas and South-Indian Kingdoms<\/li>\n<li>Early Muslim Invasions<\/li>\n<li>The Delhi Sultanate<\/li>\n<li>Afghans, Rajputs &amp; Mughals<\/li>\n<li>Establishment of North-Indian Empire<\/li>\n<li>The Mughal Empire<\/li>\n<li>Marathas and the Other Indian States<\/li>\n<li>The decline of the Mughal Empire<\/li>\n<li>Vijaynagar Empire<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Modern_History\"><\/span><strong>Modern History<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Advent of Europeans<\/li>\n<li>British Expansion<\/li>\n<li>Administration before 1857<\/li>\n<li>Economic Policies of the British<\/li>\n<li>Impact of British Administration<\/li>\n<li>Revolt of 1857<\/li>\n<li>Administrative Changes after 1857<\/li>\n<li>Development of Civil Services<\/li>\n<li>Development of Education<\/li>\n<li>Development of Press<\/li>\n<li>Socio-Religious Reforms<\/li>\n<li>Peasant Movements<\/li>\n<li>Revolutionary Nationalism<\/li>\n<li>Indian National Movement-I (1905-1918)<\/li>\n<li>Indian National Movement-II (1918-1929)<\/li>\n<li>Indian National Movement-III (1930-1947)<\/li>\n<li>Governors-General and Viceroys of India<\/li>\n<li>Constitutional Development of India<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Art_Culture\"><\/span><strong>Art &amp; Culture<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Architecture<\/li>\n<li>Sculpture<\/li>\n<li>Paintings<\/li>\n<li>Pottery Tradition<\/li>\n<li>Numismatics<\/li>\n<li>Performing Arts<\/li>\n<li>Religion and Literature<\/li>\n<li>National and Regional Festivals<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Polity\"><\/span><strong>Polity<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Evolution of the Constitution<\/li>\n<li>Salient Features of the Indian Constitution<\/li>\n<li>Union &amp; Its Territory<\/li>\n<li>Citizenship<\/li>\n<li>Fundamental Rights<\/li>\n<li>Directive Principles of State Policy<\/li>\n<li>Fundamental Duties<\/li>\n<li>System of Governance<\/li>\n<li>Union Executive<\/li>\n<li>Union Legislature<\/li>\n<li>State Executive<\/li>\n<li>State Legislature<\/li>\n<li>Local Government<\/li>\n<li>UT and Special Areas<\/li>\n<li>Judiciary<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Economy\"><\/span><strong>Economy<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Basic_Concepts\"><\/span><strong>Basic Concepts<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Macroeconomic Concepts<\/li>\n<li>Microeconomic Concepts<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Economic_Measurements\"><\/span><strong>Economic Measurements<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>National Income &amp; Its Calculation<\/li>\n<li>Economic Growth and Development<\/li>\n<li>Inflation<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Money_Banking\"><\/span><strong>Money &amp; Banking<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Money Function &amp; Classification<\/li>\n<li>Financial Markets &amp; Its Instruments<\/li>\n<li>Banking Structure in India<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Public_Finance_in_India\"><\/span><strong>Public Finance in India<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Budgeting<\/li>\n<li>Fiscal Policy<\/li>\n<li>Centre-state Distribution<\/li>\n<li>Tax Structure in India<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Planning\"><\/span><strong>Planning<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Meaning, Objective &amp; History<\/li>\n<li>Planning Institutions<\/li>\n<li>Five-Year Plans in India<\/li>\n<li>NITI Aayog<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Open_Economy\"><\/span><strong>Open Economy<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Foreign Trade Concepts<\/li>\n<li>International Organizations<\/li>\n<li>Trade Agreements<\/li>\n<li>Recent Developments<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Economic_Sectors\"><\/span><strong>Economic Sectors<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<ol>\n<li>Poverty<\/li>\n<li>Employment and Unemployment<\/li>\n<li>Government Schemes and Programmes<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"General_Science\"><\/span><strong>General Science<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Science &amp; Technology in India<\/li>\n<li>Space<\/li>\n<li>IT and Communication<\/li>\n<li>Materials, Nano Technology and Robotics<\/li>\n<li>Defence<\/li>\n<li>Nuclear Technology<\/li>\n<li>Intellectual Property Rights and Other Miscellaneous Issues<\/li>\n<li>Biotechnology<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_CSAT_Syllabus_2025\"><\/span><strong>UPSC CSAT Syllabus 2025<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The CSAT (Civil Services Aptitude Test) syllabus for the UPSC exam is designed to assess the candidate\u2019s aptitude and reasoning abilities. Below is a detailed explanation of the syllabus, followed by a bullet-point format for easy reference:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Prelims_Exam_Pattern_2025\"><\/span><strong>UPSC Prelims Exam Pattern 2025<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The UPSC Prelims Exam pattern consists of two papers: General Studies (GS) Paper I and Civil Services Aptitude Test (CSAT) Paper II. Both papers are conducted in offline mode (pen and paper-based) and have a duration of two hours each. GS Paper-I consists of 100 questions, while CSAT Paper-II contains 80 questions. Both papers are objective-type multiple-choice questions (MCQs). The Prelims Exam is a screening test, and only candidates who clear it are eligible for the Mains Exam.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Prelims_Exam_Pattern_2025_Overview\"><\/span><strong>UPSC Prelims Exam Pattern 2025 Overview<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Details<\/th>\n<th>General Studies Paper 1<\/th>\n<th>CSAT<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Number of questions<\/td>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td>80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Marking Scheme<\/td>\n<td>2 Marks for every correct answer<\/td>\n<td>2.5 Marks for every correct answer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Negative Marking<\/td>\n<td>-0.66 for every incorrect answer<\/td>\n<td>-0.83 marks for every incorrect answer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Duration of exam<\/td>\n<td>2 hours<\/td>\n<td>2 hours<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>UPSC Prelims 2025 Exam Date<\/td>\n<td>25 May 2025<\/td>\n<td>25 May 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Language of exam<\/td>\n<td>English\/Hindi<\/td>\n<td>English\/Hindi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Maximum marks<\/td>\n<td>200<\/td>\n<td>200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 style=\"width: 100%;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Books_For_UPSC_Prelims_Exam\"><\/span><strong>Books For UPSC Prelims Exam<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Books are crucial for UPSC Prelims preparation, offering detailed knowledge, clear concepts, and thorough coverage of subjects. Written by experts, these books match the syllabus and help you understand topics. They are useful for revision and improving critical thinking, analytical skills, and answer writing. Here is a list of important books for the UPSC Syllabus 2025:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"width: 100%; list-style-type: none; padding-left: 0; text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Ancient India<\/strong> by RS Sharma<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>India after Independence<\/strong> by Bipan Chandra<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>History of Medieval India<\/strong> by Satish Chandra<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Geography of India<\/strong> by Majid Husain<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>World Atlas<\/strong> (Orient Black Swan)<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Certificate Physical and Human Geography<\/strong> by G C Leong<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude for Civil Services Main Examination<\/strong> by Subba Rao and P.N. Roy Chaudary<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Environment and Disaster Management<\/strong> by Tata McGraw Hill<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Indian Economy<\/strong> by Nitin Singhania<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Challenges to Internal Security of India<\/strong> by Ashok Kumar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_Prepare_for_the_UPSC_Prelims_Exam\"><\/span><strong>How to Prepare for the UPSC Prelims Exam?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>How to prepare for the UPSC Prelims exam? Well, candidates can follow the tips provided below to know how to prepare well for the exam:<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"width: 100%;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Preparation_Tips\"><\/span><strong>Preparation Tips<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"width: 100%; list-style-type: none; padding-left: 0; text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Understand the syllabus:<\/strong> Familiarize yourself with the UPSC Prelims syllabus and exam pattern.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Create a study plan:<\/strong> Make a comprehensive study plan that covers all subjects and topics, allocating sufficient time for each.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Read NCERT books:<\/strong> Begin your preparation with NCERT books for basic conceptual clarity.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Refer to standard resources:<\/strong> Use recommended books, study materials, and online resources to deepen your understanding of the subjects.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Practice previous year\u2019s papers:<\/strong> Solve previous year\u2019s question papers to get acquainted with the exam pattern and improve time management skills.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Take mock tests:<\/strong> Regularly take mock tests to assess your preparation level and identify areas of improvement.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Stay updated:<\/strong> Read newspapers, magazines, and online sources to stay updated on current affairs and issues.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Revision:<\/strong> Revise regularly to reinforce your knowledge and ensure retention.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Stay focused and disciplined:<\/strong> Maintain a consistent study routine and stay motivated throughout your preparation.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>Seek guidance:<\/strong> Consider joining a reliable coaching institute or seek guidance from mentors or experienced candidates to get valuable insights and guidance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Read Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\">5<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span> Union Public Service Commission Prelims Exam 2025 Introduction The Union Public Service Commission Prelims Exam will take place on 25th May 2025 as per the new revised official calendar released by the UPSC. This examination marks the initial phase of the UPSC Civil Services Examination, aimed at selecting candidates for esteemed positions like the Indian&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-prelims-syllabus\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">UPSC Prelims Syllabus<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[59],"tags":[],"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2378"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2378"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2515,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2378\/revisions\/2515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}