{"id":1355,"date":"2024-06-29T08:38:34","date_gmt":"2024-06-29T08:38:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/?p=1355"},"modified":"2024-06-29T08:38:34","modified_gmt":"2024-06-29T08:38:34","slug":"upsc-philosophy-syllabus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-philosophy-syllabus\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Philosophy Syllabus"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-philosophy-syllabus\/#UPSC_Philosophy_Syllabus_for_Mains\" >UPSC Philosophy Syllabus for Mains<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-philosophy-syllabus\/#UPSC_Philosophy_Syllabus_for_Paper_1\" >UPSC Philosophy Syllabus for Paper 1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-philosophy-syllabus\/#UPSC_Philosophy_Syllabus_for_Paper_2\" >UPSC Philosophy Syllabus for Paper 2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-philosophy-syllabus\/#UPSC_Philosophy_Paper_Exam_Pattern\" >UPSC Philosophy Paper Exam Pattern<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-philosophy-syllabus\/#UPSC_Philosophy_Optional_Books_For_IAS_Mains\" >UPSC Philosophy Optional Books For IAS Mains<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><b>UPSC Philosophy Syllabus: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The two papers of the UPSC Philosophy Optional syllabus are intended to assess candidates&#8217; comprehension of philosophical ideas, theories, and applications. There are 250 marks for each paper, for a total of 500 marks out of 1750 marks. This emphasizes how important it is to choose an optional subject wisely because it can have a big impact on a candidate&#8217;s final score and ranking.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Applicants taking the UPSC Mains exam and planning to take the Philosophy Optional can read through this blog to learn about the syllabus, important subjects, books that are suggested reading, and effective study techniques for this paper.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Philosophy_Syllabus_for_Mains\"><\/span><b>UPSC Philosophy Syllabus for Mains<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Philosophy Optional syllabus covers the development, historical significance, and influence of philosophical ideas on Indian culture. It also fits very nicely with the topics covered in general studies and essay writing. Paper I and Paper II are the two sections that make up the exam. For each paper, we have included a detailed, comprehensive UPSC Philosophy Optional Syllabus here<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Philosophy_Syllabus_for_Paper_1\"><\/span><b>UPSC Philosophy Syllabus for Paper 1<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The first UPSC Philosophy Optional Syllabus Paper goes deeply into the Problems and History of Philosophy, including subjects like Transcendental Idealism, Rationalism and Empiricism, Ethics Theories, and Plato and Aristotle. Applicants can view the Philosophy Optional Paper I syllabus in its entirety below:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Plato and Aristotle:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; Causation; Actuality and Potentiality<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Rationalism<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz); Cartesian Method and Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; Determinism and Freedom.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Empiricism<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Scepticism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Kant:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the Existence of God.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Hegel:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Defence of Common Sense; Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and Showing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Logical Positivism: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique of Private Language.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Phenomenology<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; Avoidance of Psychologism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Existentialism <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-the-world and Temporality.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Quine and Strawson:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic Particulars and Persons.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Carvaka:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent Entities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Jainism:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and Liberation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Schools of Buddhism:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Prat Ityasamutpada; Ksanikavada, Nairatmyavada.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Nyaya\u2014Vaiesesika:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; Theory of Pramana; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Samkhya; Prakrit; Purusa; Causation; Liberation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yoga; Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Mimamsa: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Theory of Knowledge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Schools of Vedanta:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; Avida; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Aurobindo:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Philosophy_Syllabus_for_Paper_2\"><\/span><b>UPSC Philosophy Syllabus for Paper 2<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The vast terrain of philosophical thinking is covered by the UPSC Philosophy Optional Syllabus for Paper II, ranging from traditional Indian wisdom to contemporary philosophical discussions in the West. This article is organized to cover a wide range of philosophical questions, such as:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b> Socio-Political Philosophy<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Social and Political deals:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Equality, Justice, Liberty.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Individual and State:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Rights; Duties and Accountability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Political Ideologies:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Humanism; Secularism; Multi-culturalism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, Capital Punishment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Development and Social Progress.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property Rights; Empowerment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Caste Discrimination: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gandhi and Ambedkar.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li><b> Philosophy of Religion\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Notions of God:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Attributes; Relation to Man and the World. (Indian and Western).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and Western).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Problem of Evil.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Soul:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reason, Revelation, and Faith.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Religious Experience: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nature and Object (Indian and Western).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Religion without God.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Religion and Morality.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Nature of Religious Language:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist and Non-cognitive.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Philosophy_Paper_Exam_Pattern\"><\/span><b>UPSC Philosophy Paper Exam Pattern<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Philosophy is one of the optional subjects offered in the UPSC Civil Services Examination. It consists of two examinations, Paper I and Paper II. Discover the salient features of the optional UPSC Philosophy exam structure below:<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 97.4661%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 129.231%;\" colspan=\"2\"><b>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 UPSC Philosophy Paper Exam Pattern<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 40.7692%;\"><b>Particular<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.4615%;\"><b>Details<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 40.7692%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mains Paper<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.4615%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Paper VI and Paper VII<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 40.7692%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Subjects<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.4615%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Philosophy Optional Paper-I<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Philosophy Optional Paper-II<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 40.7692%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Total Marks<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.4615%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">500 (250 Each)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 40.7692%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time allowed\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.4615%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3 Hours for each paper<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 40.7692%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sections<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.4615%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Section A and Section B<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 40.7692%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Questions<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.4615%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Total 8 questions with subparts<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 40.7692%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Compulsory Question<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.4615%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Question No. 1 and 5\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 40.7692%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marks Distribution<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.4615%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10, 15, and 20 marker questions<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b style=\"font-family: var(--heading--font-family); font-size: var(--heading--font-size-h2); letter-spacing: var(--heading--letter-spacing-h2); background-color: var(--global--color-background); color: var(--global--color-primary);\">Strategic Approach to Prepare for Philosophy Optional<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Compared to other optional subjects, the syllabus is shorter, which enables more concentrated and thorough preparation. We&#8217;ve put together a few study tips below to help you understand the material better:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recognize the Syllabus: Start by being fully aware of the length and complexity of the syllabus.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Choose the Appropriate Materials: Select brief books and notes that provide a thorough coverage of the syllabus.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Take Notes: Expand on your notes\u2014particularly for Indian philosophy\u2014as it facilitates speedy review.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Practice Writing Answers: It&#8217;s Important to Practice Often. Make sure to organize your responses logically and cohesively.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Revision: Since the syllabus is brief, it is advised and possible to make several revisions. Use the online UPSC mock test series as practice as well to increase your accuracy and speed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plan strategically by completing PYQs and mock exams within the allotted time, and by being familiar with the UPSC paper pattern. Plan out your strong and weak points before answering the question to get the most points possible.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UPSC_Philosophy_Optional_Books_For_IAS_Mains\"><\/span><b>UPSC Philosophy Optional Books For IAS Mains<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aspirants can improve their overall performance in the UPSC Civil Services Exam by using philosophy to learn from toppers&#8217; experiences and adopt a disciplined study method. The following list of optional books on UPSC philosophy will help you get ready for the subject:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><b>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 UPSC Philosophy Optional Books For IAS Mains<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Paper I<\/b><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">W. T. Stace: A Critical History of Greek Philosophy (Plato and Aristotle).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Copleston: A History of Philosophy (Relevant Chapters from volumes I, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX &amp; XI).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anthony Kenny: A New History of Western Philosophy. OUP Oxford.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Datta &amp; Chatterjee: An Introduction to Indian Philosophy. Rupa Publishing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C. D. Sharma: A Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy. MLBD.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bertrand Russell: A History Of Western Philosophy<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Paper II<\/b><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">John Hick: Philosophy of Religion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Michael B. Wilkinson: Philosophy of Religion: An Introduction.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O. P. Gauba: Social &amp; Political Philosophy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Political Theory, An Introduction. Edited By Rajeev Bhargava &amp; Ashok Acharya.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oxford Dictionary of Politics.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Read Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\">4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span> UPSC Philosophy Syllabus: The two papers of the UPSC Philosophy Optional syllabus are intended to assess candidates&#8217; comprehension of philosophical ideas, theories, and applications. There are 250 marks for each paper, for a total of 500 marks out of 1750 marks. This emphasizes how important it is to choose an optional subject wisely because it&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/upsc-philosophy-syllabus\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">UPSC Philosophy Syllabus<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":130,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[59],"tags":[60],"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1355"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1355"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1570,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1355\/revisions\/1570"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/130"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1355"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/upscmentorship.com\/upsc-exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}